ISSN: 2056-3736 (Online Version) | 2056-3728 (Print Version)

Gini Coefficients of Education for 146 Countries, 1950-2010

Thomas Ziesemer

Correspondence: Thomas Ziesemer, t.ziesemer@maastrichtuniversity.nl

Department of Economics, Maastricht University, The Netherlands

pdf (845.71 Kb) | doi:

Abstract

We provide Gini coefficients of education based on data from Barro and Lee (2010) for 146 countries for the years 1950-2010. We compare them to an earlier data set and run some related loess fit regressions on average years of schooling and GDP per capita, both showing negative slopes, and among the latter two variables. Tertiary education is shown to reduce education inequality. A growth regression shows that tertiary education increases growth, Gini coefficients of education have a u-shaped impact on growth and labour force growth has an inverted u-shape effect on growth.

Keywords:

  Human capital distribution, education inequality, growth, new data


References

Barro, R.J. and Lee, J.W. (1996). International Measures of Schooling Years and Schooling Quality , American Economic Review, 86, 218-23.

Barro, R.J. and Lee, J.W. (2001). International Data on Educational Attainment: Updates and Implications, Oxford Economic Papers, 53, 541-63.

Barro, R.J. and Lee, J.W. (2010). A New Data Set of Educational Attainment in the World, 1950-2010. NBER Working Paper 15902.

Barro, R. and J-W Lee (2013). “A New Dataset of Educational Attainment in the World, 1950-2010,” Journal of Development Economics, 104, 184–198.

Castelló-Climent, Amparo (2004) A Reassessment of the Relationship between Inequality and Growth: What Human Capital Inequality data say. WP-EC 2004-15.

Amparo Castelló and Rafael Doménech (2002). Human Capital Inequality and Economic Growth: Some New Evidence. The Economic Journal, 112 (March), C187-C200.

Castelló-Climent, Amparo and Rafael Doménech (2014). Human Capital and Income Inequality: Some Facts and Some Puzzles. BBVA Working Paper Nº 12/ 28, Madrid, March 2014.

Crespo-Cuaresma, Jesus, Samir K.C.,Petra Sauer (2012). Gini Coefficients of Educational Attainment: Age Group Specific Trends in Educational (In)equality April 3.

Földvári, Péter and Bas van Leeuwen (2011): Should less inequality in education lead to a more equal income distribution?, Education Economics, 19:5, 537-554.

Jorda, Vanesa and Jose M. Alonso (2015). Measuring educational attainment as a continuous variable: a new database (1970-2010).

Morrison, Christian and Fabrice Murtin (2010). The Kuznets Curve of Education: A Global Perspective on Education Inequalities. CEE DP 116, June.

Sauer, Petra and Martin Zagler (2014). (In)equality in Education and Economic Development. Vienna University of Economics and Business, Department of Economics WP 163.

Thomas, V., Dailami, M. Dhareshwar, A. Kaufmann, D. Kishor, N. Lopez, R. Wang, Y. (2000a). The Quality of Growth, Oxford University Press, New York.http://www.rrojasdatabank.info/qualitygrowthwb00-12.pdf.

Thomas, V., Wang, Y. Fan, X. (2000b). Measuring Education Inequality: Gini Coefficients of Education, World Bank Institute Working Paper, Washington, D.C.. Also Policy Research Working Paper 2525, January 2001; revised mimeo October 2002.

Wail, Benaabdelaali, Hanchane Said, Kamal Abdelhak (2011). A New Data Set of Educational Inequality in the World, 1950–2010: Gini Index of Education by Age Group. From http://ssrn.com/abstract=1895496. Published as Chapter 13 ‘Educational Inequality in the World, 1950–2010: Estimates from a New Dataset’, in John A. Bishop, Rafael Salas (ed.) Inequality, Mobility and Segregation: Essays in Honor of Jacques Silber (Research on Economic Inequality, Volume 20), Emer.

Ziesemer, T. (2011). What Changes Gini Coefficients of Education? On the dynamic interaction between education, its distribution and growth. UNU-MERIT WP 2011- 053. http://www.merit.unu.edu/publications/wppdf/2011/wp2011-053.pdf